Religious people go on pilgrimages to visit sacred Biblical sites. The peasants work the land in exchange for food and protection. Kings give sections of land called fiefs to lords in exchange for help during wars. Rome, Florence, Venice, and other Italians towns become city-states. As a ruler Alfred encourages education by establishing schools.Ĭity states and feudal systems (1000 - 1200 A.D.). He signs a treaty, splitting England between him and the Danes. In order to protect themselves, kingships are created.Īlfred the Great of England rules (871 - 899 A.D.).Īlfred the Great defeats the Danes (Vikings) in 878. The first castles are built around this time.Īfter Charlemagne's son dies, the kingdom is split into three. He is crowned "Emperor of the Romans" in 800 by Pope Leo III. As he conquers land, he extends his faith. Charles Martel, the Frank king, stops the Muslims' northward push in 732.Ĭharles Martel's grandson, Charlemagne, becomes the new Frank king. Muslim invasions halted (741 - 732 A.D.).Īlong with barbarians from the north, Muslims begin to conquer lands from the south. He wants to reunite the western and eastern empires, but cannot do so. About 412, protective walls are built to keep the city safe from invaders. In 476 the last Roman emperor, Romulus Augustus, is thrown out of Rome by German invader Odoacer.Įastern Roman Empire continues (412 - 565 A.D.).Įmperor Constantine I has made Constantinople his capital in 330. In 410 the Visogoth king, Alaric, attacks Rome for three days. The Western Roman Empire is still ruled by Rome. The Roman Empire has been split into two sections. Some settle and make their conquered lands their home. Such groups include the Anglo-Saxons, the Vandals, the Visogoths, and the Huns. Barbaric tribes come into the Roman lands to steal and to find better places to live.
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